Drexel, John, editor, Facts on File Encyclopedia of the 20th Century, Facts on File, 1991, pp. Valentina Vladimirovna Tereshkova was born on March 6, 1937, in the small village of Maslennikovo near the Russian city of Yaroslavl. Elle a trois ans lorsque son père, conducteur de char d’assaut, est tué en Finlande au début de la seconde guerre mondiale. O'Neill, Lois Decker, "Farthest Out of All: The First Woman in Space, " in Women's Book of World Records and Achievements, Anchor Books, 1979, pp. Son père conduisait des tracteurs et sa mère s’occupait des enfants du couple, Lioudmila, Valentina et Vladi… His father worked as a tractor driver, his mother was engaged in housework, worked on the farm. She landed near Karaganda, Kazakhstan, on June 19, 1963. Space exploration is something that people routinely do today, without regard to their gender. A cette date, elle a … Although she had no pilot training, Tereshkova was an accomplished amateur parachutist and on this basis was accepted for the cosmonaut program when she volunteered in 1961. 16 Black Americans in Astronomy and Space, Biography of Yuri Gagarin, First Man in Space, They Never Became Astronauts: The Story of the Mercury 13, A Short History of Roscosmos and the Soviet Space Program, Project Gemini: NASA's Early Steps to Space, The History and Legacy of Project Mercury. Rumors abounded at the time that the union was just for propaganda purposes, but those have never been proven. Learn more about Tereshkova’s life and career. Valentina Tereshkova was the woman pioneer who in 1963, managed to fly into space and orbit the Earth, not once, but a total of 48 times in the span of three days. (2020, August 27). Tereshkova was only 24 when she volunteered for the space program. Valentina Tereshkova was born to a peasant family in the Yaroslavl region of the former USSR on March 6, 1937. Click here if you want to see this biography in Spanish translation. Valentina Terechkova s’est envolée dans l’espace en 1963, seulement deux ans après Youri Gagarine (1961), et avant Neil Armstrong et Buzz Aldrin (1969). Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree.... Test your knowledge of those who had the right stuff to travel into space. Further Reading on Valentina Tereshkova. Valentina Tereshkova Biography ; Valentina Tereshkova Biography. Comunismo Entró como trabajadora en una fábrica textil a los 18 años. Valentina Vladimirovna Tereshkova (Russian: Валенти́на Влади́мировна Терешко́ва; born 6 March 1937), is a Soviet retired cosmonaut.. She was the first woman to fly in space, aboard Vostok 6 (one of Vostok rocket) on 16 June 1963.She and four others were chosen out … Born: March 6, 1937 Maslennikovo, Russia Russian cosmonaut Valentina Tereshkova was the first woman in space, orbiting the earth forty-eight times in Vostok VI in 1963. La 6° cosmonaute et 1ère femme, Valentina V. Terechkova est née le 6 mars 1937 à Maslennikovo (Terre). Valentina Tereshkova received the Order of Lenin and Hero of the Soviet Union awards for her historic flight. They were all commissioned as second lieutenants in the Soviet Air Force, which had control over the cosmonaut program at the time. She was also the first civilian to do so. Dans la course à l’exploration spatiale qui oppose les Etats-Unis à l’URSS depuis 1957, les soviétiques emportent une bataille symbolique d’envergure : Valentina Terechkova, devient la première femme dans l’espace, en réalisant un voyage en solitaire à bord de Vostok 6 (16-19 juin 1963) Après le succès du vol de Youri Gagarine, Sergueï Korolev, le père du programme spatial soviétique a l'idée d'envoyer une femme dans l'espace. On June 16, 1963, she was launched in the spacecraft Vostok 6, which completed 48 orbits in 71 hours. a effectué 48 orbites autour(Autour est le nom que la nomenclature aviaire en langue française (mise à jour) donne à 31 espèces d'oiseaux qui, soit appartiennent...) de la terre(La Terre est la troisième planète du Système … This biography provides detailed information regarding … The identities of the other women in the cosmonaut program were not revealed until the late 1980s. Tereshkova was married to fellow cosmonaut Andrian Nikolayev in November 1963. That stoked her interest in flight, and at the age of 24, she applied to become a cosmonaut. Valentina Vladimirovna Tereshkova was born on March 6, 1937 in the village Maslennikovo Tutayev district of the Yaroslavl region in a family of collective farmers. Valentina Vladimirovna Terechkova (en russe : Валентина Владимировна Терешкова, /vɐlʲɪnʲˈtʲinə vlɐˈdʲimʲɪrəvnə tʲɪrʲɪʂˈkovə/, née le 6 mars 1937 à Maslennikovo, raion de Toutaïev dans l'oblast de Iaroslavl) est la première femme à effectuer un vol dans l'espace. It was scheduled for June of the following year, which meant that Tereshkova had only about 15 months to get ready. Retrieved from https://www.thoughtco.com/valentina-tereshkova-biography-3072504. Ouvrière du textile à 18 ans, elle est choisie parmi plus de 400 candidates pour devenir, sous la houlette de Youri Gagarine, la première femme dans l'espace. This first Soviet cosmonaut performed her immortal feat on June 16, 1963, at … She was previously married to Nikolayev, Andrian. It wasn't until the flight was announced on the radio that her mother learned the truth of her daughter's achievement. Tereshkova se convirtió en un miembro activo de La Liga de Jóvenes Comunistas mientras trabajaba en la fábrica. However, there was a time more than half a century ago when access to space was considered a "man's job". Aimable et serviable, réservée et opiniâtre, elle est aussi un modèle de savoir-vivre. Valentina TERECHKOVA est née de Vladimir Aksionovitch TERECHKOV (1912-1940) et de Elena Fiodorovna TERECHKOVA (née KROUGLOVA, 1913-1987). Soviet cosmonaut Valentina Tereshkova was the first woman in outer space, launched into space aboard the Vostok 6 on 16 June 1963. Nick Greene is a software engineer for the U.S. Navy Space and Naval Warfare Engineering Center. The historic first flight of a female cosmonaut was slated to concur with the second dual flight (a mission on which two craft would be in orbit at the same time, and ground control would maneuver them to within 5 km (3 miles) of each other). ThoughtCo, Aug. 27, 2020, thoughtco.com/valentina-tereshkova-biography-3072504. Après le vol dans l'espace, elle est nommée « Héros de l'Union Soviétique ». While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Le 16 juin 1963, à bord du vaisseau Vostok-6, la Soviétique Valentina Terechkova devient la première femme de l'espace.Valentina Vladimirovna Terechkova naît le 6 mars 1937 à Maslennikovo, dans la région de Iaroslavl, en République socialiste fédérative soviétique de Russie, principale république de l'Union soviétique. + d'infos. Flying two different orbits, the spacecraft came within roughly 5 km (3 miles) of each other, and the cosmonauts exchanged brief communications. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. The Soviets were looking for another "first" at which to beat the United States, among many space firsts they achieved during the era. In space at the same time was Valery F. Bykovsky, who had been launched two days earlier in Vostok 5; both landed on June 19. Since there weren't many female pilots in the Soviet air force, women parachutists were considered as a possible field of candidates. ), née le 6 mars 1937 à Maslennikovo, dans la région de Yaroslavl (Union soviétique) est la première femme cosmonaute de l'histoire.) Elle a une sœur aînée - Lioudmila, née en 1934 - et un frère cadet - Vladimir, 1940-1995. The two had a daughter, Yelena, who was born the following year, the first child of parents that had both been in space. In the U.S. 13 women went through astronaut training in the early 1960s, only to be kept out of the corps by that pilot requirement. Le lieu de sa naissance abrite d’ailleurs aujourd’hui un musée dédié au vol historique réalisé par la cosmonaute. Valentina Terechkova reste à ce jour l'unique femme à avoir effectué seule un voyage dans l'espace. In the Soviet Union, the space agency actively sought a woman to fly, provided she could pass the training. Son vol sur Vostok 6 est donc la seule mission da… Greene, Nick. That was Soviet cosmonaut Svetlana Savitskaya, who went into space aboard a Soyuz flight. From 1966 until 1991 she was an active member in the U.S.S.R. Supreme Soviet. La primera mujer en volar al cosmos es toda una leyenda, su nombre es conocido en todos los rincones del planeta. Vladimir was killed while serving with the Soviet army in World War II, leaving Elena to raise two-year-old Valentina and two other children—a daughter, Ludmilla, and a son, Vladimir. And so it was that Valentina Tereshkova made her flight in the summer of 1963, a couple of years after the first Soviet and U.S. astronauts took their rides to space. However, Valentina Tereshkova was the only one of the group to go into space at that point. Sélectionnée parmi 400 candidats, elle se retrouve dans le groupe final avec 4 autres femmes afin de suivre des entraînements intensifs. Valentina Tereshkova (Valentina Vladimirovna Terechkova o Tereshkova; Maslennikovo, 1937) Astronauta rusa que fue la primera mujer que tripuló una nave espacial. Greene, Nick. Omissions? Un vol en duo avec une autre femme cosmonaute (Valentina Ponomariova) est prévu, mais il est annulé lorsque le programme Vostok est abandonné. Hilaire Cuny, Valentina Terechkova cosmonaute, Les Lettres françaises n o 984, 27 juin-3 juillet 1963, p. 10; Voir aussi Articles connexes. Her training included at least two long simulations on the ground, of 6 days and 12 days duration. Valentina Vladimirovna Terechkova, née le 6 mars 1937 à Maslennikovo, raïon de Toutaïev dans l'oblast de Iaroslavl, est la première femme à effectuer un vol dans l'espace, et est la première cosmonaute soviétique, grâce à son vol du 16 au 19 juin 1963. It included classroom study, parachute jumps, and time in an aerobatic jet. Valentina Tereshkova was born in a small village Bolshoye Maslennikovo in the west of Russia, on March 6, 1937. Valentina TERECHKOVA, jeune femme russe issue d’un milieu modeste et passionnée de parachutisme, décide de se porter volontaire. Valentina Vladimirovna Tereshkova is a member of the Russian State Duma, engineer, and former cosmonaut. Sous l'indicatif " La mouette " (en russe : ?????? ????????? Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Just earlier that year, 1961, the Soviet space program began to consider sending women into space. En novembre 1963, Valentina Terechkova épouse le cosmonaute Andrian Nikolaïev ; c'est un mariage « arrangé » par les autorités soviétiques. She left the program just after her flight, and on November 3, 1963, she married Andriyan G. Nikolayev, another cosmonaut. 739-740.. Sharpe, Mitchell, "It is I, Sea Gull": Valentina Tereshkova, First Woman in Space, Crowell, 1975. Basic training for the women was very similar to that of the male cosmonauts. Ils ont une fille, Elena, puis ils se séparent et finalement divorcent en 1982 ; elle se remarie en 1989. Greene, Nick. She spent more time in orbit than all the U.S. Mercury astronauts combined. Histoire du vol spatial; Valentina Ponomariova; Liens externes (ru) Biographie de Valentina Vladimirovna Terechkova, Héros de l'Union soviétique The female cosmonaut program was disbanded in 1969 and wasn't until 1982 that the next woman flew in space. Later she served as the president of the Soviet Women's Committee and became a member of the Supreme Soviet, the USSR's national parliament, and the Presidium, a special panel within the Soviet government. ThoughtCo. Valentina Tereshkova realizó su primer salto a los 22 años, el 21 de mayo de 1959. Three years later she was elected to the Duma. She later became a politician. In 2008 Tereshkova became the deputy chair of the parliament of Yaroslavl province as a member of the United Russia party. The couple later divorced. https://www.thoughtco.com/valentina-tereshkova-biography-3072504 (accessed April 12, 2021). Valentina Tereshkova: The First Woman in Space. Edited and updated by Carolyn Collins Petersen. Her father, Vladimir Tereshkova, was a tractor driver on a collective farm and her mother, Elena Fyodorovna Tereshkova, worked at the Krasny Perekop cotton mill. Women weren't yet there, held back by requirements that they had to be test pilots with a certain amount of experience. 884-885. The second of three children born to Vladimir Tereshkova and Elena Fyodorovna Tereshkova, Valentina Tereshkova was born on March 6, 1937 … "Valentina Tereshkova: The First Woman in Space." Ses grands-parents, originaires de Biélorussie, font partie des premiers paysans à travailler dans le kolkhozedu village. ???????????? Valentina Terechkova, 76 ans, a occupé diverses fonctions honorifiques à l'époque soviétique et est actuellement députée à la Douma, la chambre basse du parlement russe. From a Textile Mill to Parachuting . Short Biography. Valentina Tereshkova a Russian cosmonaut created history when she became the first woman to travel to space. On June 14, 1963 cosmonaut Valeriy Bykovsky launched on Vostok 5. Valentina Vladimirovna Terechkova (née en 1937), est la première femme de l’histoire à avoir effectué un voyage dans l’espace, et la seule femme à avoir effectué ce voyage en solitaire.. Sélectionnée par Nikita Khrouchtchev. In recent years, she has led a quiet life in Moscow. L'histoire n'a pourtant pas retenu son nom. From Jumping out of Planes to Spaceflight. Valentina Tereshkova, in full Valentina Vladimirovna Tereshkova, (born March 6, 1937, Maslennikovo, Russia, U.S.S.R.), Soviet cosmonaut, the first woman to travel into space. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. She orbited the Earth 48 times, spent almost three days in space, and remains the only woman to have been on a solo space mission. Biography of Valentina Tereshkova the first woman in the world who traveled to space. The U.S. did not send a woman into space until 1983, when Sally Ride, an astronaut and physicist, flew aboard the space shuttle Challenger. During the Great Patriotic War, his father was killed at the front, and a mother with three children moved to the city of Yaroslavl. Valentina Tereshkova was born on March 6, 1937 in Bolshoe Maslennikovo, Tutaevskiy rayon, Yaroslavskaya oblast, RSFSR, USSR as Valentina Vladimirovna Tereshkova. Vous pouvez voir sa biographie sur le blog ci dessous ... En mars 1962, Valentina Terechkova entre à l’âge de 25 ans dans le groupe des cinq femmes cosmonautes. On June 16, 1963, she was launched in the spacecraft Vostok 6, which completed 48 orbits in 71 hours. Seule à bord de son vaisseau spatial Vostok 6 qui décolle le 16 juin 1963 du cosmodrome de Baïkonour, elle passa près de trois jours en orbite basse dans le cadre d'un vol conjoint avec Valeri Bykovski lancé de son côté à bord du vaisseau Vostok 5deux jours aup… Il faudra attendre dix-neuf ans avant qu'une autre femme aille dans l'espace, la Soviétique Svetlana Y. Savitskaya , et vingt ans avant qu'une femme d'une autre nationalité s'y … She began an intensive training program designed to help her withstand the rigors of launch and orbit. Soon after starting work in a textile mill at the age of 18, she joined an amateur parachuting club. Valentina Tereshkova, Soviet cosmonaut who was the first woman to travel into space. She is the first and youngest woman to have flown in space with a solo mission on the Vostok 6 on 16 June 1963. He is also the U.N. World Space Week Coordinator for Antarctica. Valentina Terechkova nait le 6 mars 1937 à Maslennikovo, en Russie, d’un père agriculteur et d’une mère ouvrière dans une industrie textile. Valentina Vladimirovna Terechkova (en russe : Валентина Владимировна Терешкова , née le 6 mars 1937 à Maslennikovo, raïon de Toutaïev dans l'oblast de Iaroslavl), est la première cosmonaute soviétique et la première femme à effectuer un vol dans l'espace, du 16 au 19 juin 1963. Valentina Tereshkova was chosen to fly aboard Vostok 6, scheduled for a June 16, 1963 launch date. She was the first woman to have flown in space, having been selected from more than four hundred applicants and five finalists to pilot Vostok 6 on 16 June 1963. Tereshkova was named a Hero of the Soviet Union and was twice awarded the Order of Lenin. Valentina Vladimirovna Terechkova est née le 6 mars 1937 à Maslennikovo, un village situé dans l’Oblast de Iaroslavl — l’oblast est une unité administrative, l’équivalent d’une région. She directed the Soviet Women’s Committee in 1968, and from 1974 to 1991 she served as a member of the Supreme Soviet Presidium. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. She orbited the Earth for almost three days, showing that women have the same ability in space as men. Due to the Soviet penchant for secrecy, the entire program was kept quiet, so very few people knew about the effort. Making History The historic first flight of a female cosmonaut was slated to concur with the second dual flight (a mission on which two craft would be in orbit at the same time, and ground control would maneuver them to within 5 km (3 miles) of each other). Valentina was not able to attend school u… Tereshkova, along with three other women parachutists and a female pilot, was selected to train as a cosmonaut in 1962. "Valentina Tereshkova: The First Woman in Space." It's possible that Valentina may have trained for a  Voskhod mission that was to include a spacewalk, but the flight never happened. She is known for her work on UFO (2018), Far from St. Petersburg (1991) and Der Augenzeuge (1946). Jusqu'en 1953, Valentina TERECHKOVA est scolarisée à l'école n°32 de Yaroslavl. Tereshkova followed the Vostok procedure of ejecting from the capsule some 6,000 meters (20,000 feet) above the ground and descending under a parachute. (Chayka)), Valentina Terechkova(Valentina Vladimirovna Terechkova (en cyrillique : ????????? Ring in the new year with a Britannica Membership, This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Valentina-Tereshkova, Space.com - Biography of Valentina Tereshkova, New Mexico Museum of Space History - International Space Hall of Fame - Biography of Valentina Tereshkova, RT Russiapedia - Biography of Valentina Tereshkova, SheHeroes - Biography of Valentina Tereshkova, Valentina Tereshkova - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11), Valentina Tereshkova - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). Valentina Terechkova (1937 - ) cosmonaute russe En 1961, après le vol réussi de Youri Gagarine, Sergueï Korolev, le responsable du programme spatial soviétique, décide d’envoyer une femme dans l’espace. Tereshkova and Vostok 6 launched two days later, flying with the call sign "Chaika" (Seagull). L'entraînement incluait des vols en apesanteur, des tests d'isolement, des tests de centrifugeuse, de l'ingénierie spatiale, de la propulsion th… Corrections? Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Her flight lasted 48 orbits totaling 70 hours and 50 minutes in space. However, Valentina Tereshkova was the only one of the group to go into space at that point. When she left for training, Tereshkova reportedly told her mother she was going to a training camp for an elite skydiving team. Valentina Terechkova s’est envolée dans l’espace en 1963, seulement deux ans après Youri Gagarine (1961), et avant Neil Armstrong et Buzz Aldrin (1969). Overseen by Yuri Gagarin (the first man in space) the selection process for female cosmonauts began in mid-1961. Valentina Vladimirovna Tereshkova (Russian: Валенти́на Влади́мировна Терешко́ва; born 6 March 1937) is a Russian former cosmonaut. Portrait d'une pionnière de la conquête spatiale. Updates? She paved the way for other women to become astronauts, although the first American woman didn't fly to orbit until the 1980s.

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