[117] Danilo Medina of the PLD was elected president in 2012 and re-elected in 2016. With the conquest of the American mainland, Hispaniola's sugar plantation economy quickly declined. Elle occupe environ les deux tiers est de l’île d’Hispaniola, qu’elle partage avec Haïti.Elle est divisée en 10 régions, elles-mêmes subdivisées en 31 provinces et un district, le District national, qui comprend la capitale Saint-Domingue. [84] Following the virtual takeover of the island, Báez offered to sell the country to the United States. During the election campaign, Trujillo used the army to unleash his repression, forcing his opponents to withdraw from the race. Although the population of Spanish Santo Domingo was perhaps one-fourth that of French Saint-Domingue, this did not prevent the Spanish king from launching an invasion of the French side of the island in 1793, attempting to take advantage of the chaos sparked by the French Revolution. Largest cities in Dominican Republic|the Dominican Republic, Note: respondents self-identified their race; the term "indio" in the Dominican Republic is not associated with people of indigenous ancestry, but people of mixed European/African/, The term "indio" in the Dominican Republic is not associated with people of indigenous ancestry but people of mixed ancestry or skin color between light and dark, Sugar Cane: Past and Present, Peter Sharpe, forcefully annexed by Haiti in February 1822, national anthem of the Dominican Republic, United States occupation of the Dominican Republic (1916–24), International Day for the Elimination of Violence against Women, 2020 Dominican Republic municipal elections protests, Movement for Independence, Unity and Change, Foreign relations of the Dominican Republic, Organisation Internationale de la Francophonie, Dominican Republic-Central America Free Trade Agreement, treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons, Bolsa de Valores de la Republica Dominicana (BVRD), Telecommunications in the Dominican Republic, Electricity sector in the Dominican Republic, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Japanese settlement in the Dominican Republic, History of the Jews in the Dominican Republic, suffers from severe environmental degradation, Dominican Republic immigration to Puerto Rico, Learn how and when to remove this template message, Index of Dominican Republic-related articles, "Embassy of the Dominican Republic, in the United States", "12 de julio de 1924, una fecha relegada al olvido", "Estimaciones y proyecciones de la población total", "Población - IX Censo Nacional de Población y Vivienda 2010", "Gross domestic product based on purchasing-power-parity (PPP) valuation of country GDP", "GINI index (World Bank estimate) - Dominican Republic", "Estimaciones y Proyecciones de la Población Dominicana por Regiones, Provincias, Municipios y Distritos Municipales, 2008", "La guerra de la Restauración Dominicana, el 16 de agosto de 1863", "La Restauración de la República como referente histórico", "An Apparent Contradiction? In the last few years the government constructed a 106-kilometer toll road that connects Santo Domingo with the country's northeastern peninsula. Chaque seconde, la population du pays République Dominicaine varie de +0,00 humains Chaque jour, la population du pays République Dominicaine varie de +312,42 humains En 2018 la population du pays République Dominicaine était estimée selon l'ONU et la Banque Mondiale de 10 627 165 habitants. [30] The country is also the site of the first cathedral, castle, monastery, and fortress built in the Americas, located in Santo Domingo's Colonial Zone, a World Heritage Site. The president and vice-president run for office on the same ticket and are elected by direct vote for 4-year terms. When Allen Dulles found this out the next morning, he withdrew the order. It is an upper middle-income developing country,[142] with a 2015 GDP per capita of US$14,770, in PPP terms. The Dominican Republic is the second-largest nation in the Antilles by area (after Cuba) at 48,671 square kilometers (18,792 sq mi), and third-largest by population, with approximately 10.8 million people (2020 est. He finally negotiated an undisputed border with Haiti in 1935, and achieved the end of the 50-year customs agreement in 1941, instead of 1956. [40] The estimates of Hispaniola's population in 1492 vary widely, including tens of thousands,[41] one hundred thousand,[42] three hundred thousand,[38] and four hundred thousand to two million. [49], The first recorded smallpox outbreak, in the Americas, occurred on Hispaniola in 1507. [84] Trujillo was responsible for the deaths of the Spaniards José Almoina in Mexico City and Jesús Galíndez in New York City. En 2001, la population de la République dominicaine était estimée à 8,5 millions d’habitants. 2002: 2005: Population (2005) : 8 896 000 habitants: 2002: 2005: Densité : 183 hab./ Km2: Indice Fécondité : 2.82 enfants / femme: Espérance de vie : 68 ans: Population urbaine : 60 % Principales villes : 2 700 000 hab. The largest lake is Enriquillo, a salt lake at 45 metres (148 ft) below sea level, the lowest elevation in the Caribbean. Other additions are the reconstruction of the DR-28 (Jarabacoa – Constanza) and DR-12 (Constanza – Bonao). • Monte Cristi National Park [118] Starting from 2016, elections will be held jointly, after a constitutional reform.[127]. By 1519, according to Pons, "Both the gold economy and the Indian population became extinct at the same time."[58][57]:191–192. The president of the Dominican Republic heads the executive branch and executes laws passed by the congress, appoints the cabinet, and is commander in chief of the armed forces. [38] The fierce Caribs drove the Taíno to the northeastern Caribbean, during much of the 15th century. tableau (1) 3.3.1. population immigrante haitienne en republique dominicaine par periodes d’arrivee — premiere, unique et derniere migration : eni 201214 tableau(2) 3.4.1. : population immigrante haitienne en republique dominicaine par recurrence d’entree dans le pays et par groupes d’age : eni, 2012---- … From 1930 the dictatorship of Rafael Leónidas Trujillo ruled until 1961. During this period, great sports structures were built for the 2003 Pan American Games. 71 in the world for resource availability, No. Archrivals Santana and Buenaventura Báez held power most of the time, both ruling arbitrarily. Because of Haiti running out of plant material to burn, some Haitian bootleggers have created an illegal market for charcoal on the Dominican side. These are DR-1, DR-2, and DR-3, which depart from Santo Domingo toward the northern (Cibao), southwestern (Sur), and eastern (El Este) parts of the country respectively. The House of Bourbon replaced the House of Habsburg in Spain in 1700, and introduced economic reforms that gradually began to revive trade in Santo Domingo. Throughout the south-central coast, bulgur, or whole wheat, is a main ingredient in quipes or tipili (bulgur salad). "La Bandera" (literally "The Flag") is the most popular lunch dish; it consists of meat and red beans on white rice. Popular Perceptions of Haiti and the Foreign Policy of the Dominican Republic", "Antonio Guzmán | Ministerio Administrativo de la Presidencia", "Dominican Republic Elections: Ex-President Hipolito Mejia Challenges Danilo Medina", "CIA – The World Factbook – Rank Order – GDP (purchasing power parity)", "Dominican economy grows 7.4% in first half, paced by construction", "World's 10 Largest Gold Mines by Production | INN", "World Top 20 Gold: Countries, Companies and Mines", "Consulate-General of the Dominican Republic Bangkok Thailand", UNESCO around the World | República Dominicana, "Gentilicio Dominicano: Origen Etimológico & Motivaciones Históricas. La base de données de l'indice de capital humain (ICH) fournit des données au niveau des pays pour chacune des composantes de l'indice de capital humain, ainsi que pour l'indice global, désagrégé par sexe. It shares the island roughly at a 2:1 ratio with Haiti, the north-to-south (though somewhat irregular) border between the two countries being 376 km (234 mi). In 1691, the Spaniards attacked the north and sacked Cap-François. Under Mejía, the Dominican Republic participated in the US-led coalition, as part of the Multinational Brigade Plus Ultra, during the 2003 invasion of Iraq, suffering no casualties. Soon after, the largest discovery of gold in the island was made in the cordillera central region, which led to a mining boom. He studied under the leading Spaniard designer Cristóbal Balenciaga and then worked with the house of Lanvin in Paris. In 2010, 31.2% of the population was under 15 years of age, with 6% of the population over 65 years of age. Self-identified Jews number about 3,000; other Dominicans may have some Jewish ancestry because of marriages among converted Jewish Catholics and other Dominicans since the colonial years. The English commander hid behind a tree where, in the words of one of his soldiers, he was "so much possessed with terror that he could hardly speak". It was, however, praised for an ambitious infrastructure program, which included the construction of large housing projects, sports complexes, theaters, museums, aqueducts, roads, highways, and the massive Columbus Lighthouse, completed in 1992 during a later tenure. Principalement installés à Saint Domingue, ils se sont répartis sur toute l’ile. President Fernández's management consisted of improving Santo Domingo's collective transport system, the first Metro line was built; the completion of the main communication routes to the country's tourist poles; the construction of new schools or the construction of more classrooms, as well as the provision of computer centers with modern computers and Internet to the communities in coordination with schools, churches or clubs. It was ceded to France in 1795 after years of armed conflicts. In many ways an architectural playground, villas and hotels implement new styles, while offering new takes on the old. During the late 1960s Dominican musicians like Johnny Pacheco, creator of the Fania All Stars, played a significant role in the development and popularization of the genre. The Dominican Republic is the most popular tourist destination in the Caribbean. This action was supported by the cattlemen of the south while the northern elites opposed it. République Dominicaine - Démographie Habitants : Dominicains Principale(s) langue(s) : Espagnol. Heureaux became rampantly despotic and unpopular. The flag has a large white cross that divides it into four quarters. This reform caused problems within his party causing a division within its main leaders. [185][186], Haitian Creole is the largest minority language in the Dominican Republic and is spoken by Haitian immigrants and their descendants. After a year of civil war, Santana captured Santo Domingo in June 1858, overthrew both Báez and Valverde and installed himself as president. Over the next 72 years, the Dominican Republic experienced mostly internal conflicts, several failed invasions by its neighbour, Haiti, and brief return to Spanish colonial status, before permanently ousting the Spanish during the Dominican War of Restoration of 1863–1865. [30] High unemployment and income inequality are long-term challenges. "[213] After a UN delegation issued a preliminary report stating that it found a profound problem of racism and discrimination against people of Haitian origin, Dominican Foreign Minister Carlos Morales Troncoso issued a formal statement denouncing it, asserting that "our border with Haiti has its problems[;] this is our reality and it must be understood. The Dominican Republic comprises the eastern five-eighths of Hispaniola, the second-largest island in the Greater Antilles, with the Atlantic Ocean to the north and the Caribbean Sea to the south. By the end of his first term in 1934 he was the country's wealthiest person,[73]:p360 and one of the wealthiest in the world by the early 1950s;[97] near the end of his regime his fortune was an estimated $800 million ($5.3 billion today).[91]:p111. [31] The island has an average temperature of 26 °C (78.8 °F) and great climatic and biological diversity. [189][190], 95.0% Christians It carries excess water down from the Cibao Valley and empties into Monte Cristi Bay, in the northwest. Noted fashion designer Oscar de la Renta was born in the Dominican Republic in 1932, and became a US citizen in 1971. 9 Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons", "Dominican Republic's Constitution of 2015", "Ley No. In the southwest corner of the country, south of the Cordillera Central, there are two other ranges: the more northerly of the two is the Sierra de Neiba, while in the south the Sierra de Bahoruco is a continuation of the Massif de la Selle in Haiti. Bien que l’homosexualité est légale dans le pays, la population ne semble toutefois pas aussi ouverte que les lois en vigueur. Between 1920 and 1940 the art scene was influenced by styles of realism and impressionism. Many Puerto Rican immigrants settled in Higüey, among other cities, and quickly assimilated due to similar culture. A few other small coastal plains are on the northern coast and in the Pedernales Peninsula. Por Giancarlo D'Alessandro. Dominican artists were focused on breaking from previous, academic styles in order to develop more independent and individual styles. Another PRD win in 1982 followed, under Salvador Jorge Blanco. Relative peace came to the country in the 1880s, which saw the coming to power of General Ulises Heureaux.[89]. The Dominican Republic has a noted problem of child labor in its coffee, rice, sugarcane, and tomato industries. Dominican Republic Area and Population Density. [140], The Dominican Republic is the largest economy[23] (according to the U.S. State Department and the World Bank)[118][141] in the Caribbean and Central American region. [134] The Dominican Republic is a regular member of the Organisation Internationale de la Francophonie. ACTION URGENTE RÉPUBLIQUE DOMINICAINE. [117] Neverthelss, his government was marked by major economic and social reforms, apart from a decentralization of the national budget. [4], Primary education is regulated by the Ministry of Education, with education being a right of all citizens and youth in the Dominican Republic.[226]. (1-2) - Acento - El más ágil y moderno diario electrónico de la República Dominicana", "Instituto Tecnológico de Santo Domingo - INTEC - Emilio Rodríguez Demorizi", "Trayectorias Literarias: Manuel del Cabral", "Héctor Incháustegui Cabral: Introducción a "Poesía Sorprendida, "Nace Héctor Incháustegui, poeta, profesor, ensayista y animador cultural – El Nacional", "Biografia de Héctor Incháustegui Cabral", "René del Risco, poesía y angustia de la ciudad", "Junot Díaz Steps Down as Pulitzer Chairman Amid Review of Misconduct Allegations", "Dominican Republic National Commission for UNESCO", "Caribbean culture in Dominican Republic", "Bebidas típicas de República Dominicana", Fashion: Oscar de la Renta (Dominican Republic), "Ejército Nacional de la República Dominicana – Bandera Nacional", "La rosa de Bayahíbe, nuestra flor nacional", "Dominicana busca corona en el clásico mundial", "San Diego Hall of Champions – Sports at Lunch, Luis Castillo and Felix Sanchez", "Fedujudo comparte con dirigentes provinciales", Collapse: How Societies Choose to Fail or Succeed, Official Website of the Ministry of Tourism of the Dominican Republic, Official Commercial Website Ministry of Tourism of the Dominican Republic, Official Website of the IDDI, Instituto Dominicano de Desarrollo Integral, Caribbean Connections: Dominican Republic, COVID-19 pandemic in the Dominican Republic, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dominican_Republic&oldid=1016870391, 1492 establishments in the Spanish West Indies, 1821 establishments in the Dominican Republic, 1861 establishments in the Spanish West Indies, 1865 disestablishments in the Spanish West Indies, Spanish-speaking countries and territories, States and territories established in 1844, Articles containing Spanish-language text, Articles with dead external links from October 2016, Articles with dead external links from February 2021, Articles with permanently dead external links, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia indefinitely semi-protected pages, All Wikipedia articles written in American English, Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images, Articles with unsourced statements from March 2021, Articles with unsourced statements from October 2020, Articles with unsourced statements from July 2020, Articles with unsourced statements from December 2020, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2019, Wikipedia articles in need of updating from February 2021, All Wikipedia articles in need of updating, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2015, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Articles containing potentially dated statements from September 2018, Articles containing potentially dated statements from August 2013, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2014, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2010, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2016, Articles needing additional references from June 2020, All articles needing additional references, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from September 2017, Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata, Pages using Sister project links with default search, Articles with Spanish-language sources (es), Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Wikipedia articles with multiple identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Its roots are in the Congo region of central-west Africa, but it is mixed with European influences in the melodies.[259]. Despite these efforts, many secondary routes still remain either unpaved or in need of maintenance. However, writers such as Frank Báez (won the 2006 Santo Domingo Book Fair First Prize) [251][252] and Junot Díaz (2008 Pulitzer Prize for Fiction for his novel The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao)[253] lead Dominican literature in the 21st century. [122] It had a 2018 Forest Landscape Integrity Index mean score of 4.18/10, ranking it 134th globally out of 172 countries. [152] Some slaves in the Dominican Republic are held on sugar plantations, guarded by men on horseback with rifles, and forced to work. For the airline, see. En octobre 2002 a été réalisé le VIII e recensement national de la population dominicaine : VIII Censo de Población y Vivienda 2002 [13].La population était de 8 562 541 habitants. Snowfall can be seen on rare occasions on the summit of Pico Duarte. In boxing, the country has produced scores of world-class fighters and several world champions,[267] such as Carlos Cruz, his brother Leo, Juan Guzman, and Joan Guzman. ↺ Of this number, approximately 38,272 were white landowners, 38,000 were free mixed people of color, and some 15,000 were slaves. In July 1857 General Juan Luis Franco Bidó besieged Santo Domingo. [163] Concentrated efforts were announced to increase efficiency of delivery to places where the collection rate reached 70%. "Lilís", as the new president was nicknamed, enjoyed a period of popularity. As a result of these developments, Spanish privateers frequently sailed back into Santo Domingo with their holds filled with captured plunder which were sold in Hispaniola's ports, with profits accruing to individual sea raiders. [269], • El Choco National Park Palo is played at religious ceremonies—usually coinciding with saints' religious feast days—as well as for secular parties and special occasions. [26] Recent growth has been driven by construction, manufacturing, tourism, and mining. The deep influence of the European colonists is the most evident throughout the country. The Cibao-based government declared an amnesty to exiles and Santana returned and managed to replace Franco Bidó in September 1857. On April 17, 1655, English forces landed on Hispaniola, and marched 30 miles overland to Santo Domingo, the main Spanish stronghold on the island, where they laid siege to it. The Dominican Republic has become a trans-shipment point for Colombian drugs destined for Europe as well as the United States and Canada. The Dominican Republic's population was 10,627,141 in 2018. Over time, it has been influenced by merengue and by a variety of Latin American guitar styles. With the outbreak of the Haitian Revolution in 1791, the rich urban families linked to the colonial bureaucracy fled the island, while most of the rural hateros (cattle ranchers) remained, even though they lost their principal market. Some areas, such as most of the Cibao region, have a tropical savanna climate. [258]:59 The country has a baseball league of six teams. Evolution du PIB du pays "République Dominicaine" entre 1960 et 2018.L'année avec la valeur la plus basse était 1961 avec $ 654 100 200 et l'année avec la valeur la plus haute était en 2018 avec $ 81 298 585 403. Between then and November 7, 1809, he also was leading the British and local armies against French rule in the Battle of Palo Hincado, defeating Ferrand (who reached him when Ramírez was still in El Seibo) and expelling the French who were hiding in the fences of Santo Domingo. Cette statistique présente une prévision de l'évolution de la population totale de la République dominicaine de 2014 à 2024, en millions d'habitants. It occupies the eastern five-eighths of the island, which it shares with Haiti,[13][14] making Hispaniola one of only two Caribbean islands, along with Saint Martin, that are shared by two sovereign states. In 2003, 80% of all Haitians were poor (54% living in abject poverty) and 47.1% were illiterate. The Chinese companies found business in telecom, mining, and railroads. [51][52] Remnants of the Taíno culture include their cave paintings,[53] such as the Pomier Caves, as well as pottery designs, which are still used in the small artisan village of Higüerito, Moca.[54]. • Isla Cabritos National Park Trujillo began a campaign against the Catholic Church and planned to arrest priests and bishops who preached against the government. The Dominican Republic has the largest economy in the Caribbean and Central American region and is the eighth-largest economy in Latin America. In 2008, Fernández was as elected for a third term. It can also be observed on buildings that contain stucco exteriors, arched doors and windows, and red tiled roofs. [132], In 2020, the presidential candidate for the opposition Modern Revolutionary Party (PRM), Luis Abinader, won the election, defeating the Dominican Liberation Party (PLD), which had governed since 2004.[133]. The country boasts one of the ten most important design schools in the region, La Escuela de Diseño de Altos de Chavón, which is making the country a key player in the world of fashion and design. Hors mis les Indiens disparus à la fin du 16e siècle, on trouve des Espagnols, des Africains, des Asiatiques (arrivés à la fin du 19e siècle pour travailler dans la construction des chemins de fer), mais aussi des Français, des Américains et des Haïtiens. [221] From 1966 to 1978, the exodus continued, fueled by high unemployment and political repression. Its subjects are often romantic; especially prevalent are tales of heartbreak and sadness. Haiti had formed two regiments composed of Dominicans from the city of Santo Domingo; these were used by Hérard to suppress the uprising.[65]. This page was last edited on 9 April 2021, at 14:28. Balaguer was not a candidate. Mi Bandera es Tu Bandera: Proyecto de Exposiciones Fotográficas Itinerantes por Frank Luna", "Paradise on the Beach: Resorts Are Beautiful in Caribbean's Punta Cana, But Poverty Is Outside the Gates", "ADN Mitocondrial Taíno en la República Dominicana", "Invaders nearly wiped out Caribbean's first people long before Spanish came, DNA reveals", "History of Smallpox – Smallpox Through the Ages", "Not Everyone Who Speaks Spanish is from Spain: Taíno Survival in the 21st Century Dominican Republic", "Documenting the Myth of Taíno Extinction", "The Use of Mitochondrial DNA to Discover Pre-Columbian Migrations to the Caribbean: Results for Puerto Rico and Expectations for the Dominican Republic", "Taino Caves, the Photo Essay, by Lynne Guitar", "Corsairs of Santo Domingo a socio-economic study, 1718-1779", Francisco del Rosario Sánchez One of the Padres de la Patria / Fathers of the Patriotism, "The Siblings of Hispaniola: Political Union and Separation of Haiti and Santo Domingo, 1822–1844", "UNITED STATES ARMY UNILATERAL AND COALITION OPERATIONS IN THE 1965 DOMINICAN REPUBLIC INTERVENTION", "Charles Sumner and the Annexation of the Dominican Republic", "U.S. Senate: Art & History Home > Origins & Development > Powers & Procedures > Treaties", "Dominican Republic – Ulises Heureaux, 1882–99", "Dominican Republic – Renewed conflict, 1899–1916", "Dominican Republic: Occupation by the United States, 1916–1924", "THE CARIBBEAN WAR. [106], In February 1963, a democratically elected government under leftist Juan Bosch took office but it was overthrown in September. This major valley is home to the cities of Santiago and La Vega and most of the farming areas of the nation. To achieve a more broadly supported government, Jimenes named opposition individuals to his cabinet. After more than three hundred years of Spanish rule, the Dominican people declared independence in November 1821. These statistics emphasize national government corruption, foreign economic interference in the country, and the rift between the rich and poor. The Dominican Republic is ranked 2nd in Latin America and 23rd in the World on English proficiency. Bachata, a form of music and dance that originated in the countryside and rural marginal neighborhoods of the Dominican Republic, has become quite popular in recent years. This campaign ended before it was put into place, with his assassination. [144] The Dominican Republic has a stock market, Bolsa de Valores de la Republica Dominicana (BVRD). The Haitians associated the Roman Catholic Church with the French slave-masters who had exploited them before independence and confiscated all church property, deported all foreign clergy, and severed the ties of the remaining clergy to the Vatican.

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